virtualbox
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| virtualbox [2010/05/22 14:19] – external edit 127.0.0.1 | virtualbox [2011/06/03 13:03] – aorth | ||
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| - | ===== VirtualBox ===== | + | ====== VirtualBox |
| - | VirtualBox is a free/opensource Hypervisor | + | VirtualBox is a free, open-source hypervisor |
| * [[http:// | * [[http:// | ||
| - | ===== Create a VM ===== | + | * [[http:// |
| - | Copy an ISO to your home directory: | + | |
| - | < | + | ====== Tips ====== |
| - | * SSH to VM server: 172.26.0.200 | + | ===== Optimal settings for Linux guests ===== |
| - | < | + | Guest operating systems are not like host operating systems. These settings are generally regarded as improving the performance of guest virtual machines. |
| - | * start the virtualbox application | + | |
| - | < | + | * Set the IO scheduler |
| - | * Follow the wizard to create | + | * Edit the grub command line to set the default IO scheduler, usually in /// |
| - | | + | * Install guest additions (VirtualBox |
| - | - Network | + | * Run a virtual machine-specific kernel: |
| - | | + | * Ubuntu: linux-image-virtual |
| + | * Mount filesystems with '' | ||
| ===== Networking ===== | ===== Networking ===== | ||
| Line 31: | Line 32: | ||
| Then you can log in to the VM from your own computer using the port you've forwarded above: | Then you can log in to the VM from your own computer using the port you've forwarded above: | ||
| < | < | ||
| - | ===== Updating VirtualBox ===== | ||
| - | To update VirtualBox to a new version you must shutdown all the running VMs. You can do this by first looking to see which VMs are running ('' | ||
| - | < | ||
| - | VirtualBox Command Line Management Interface Version 3.0.8 | ||
| - | (C) 2005-2009 Sun Microsystems, | ||
| - | All rights reserved. | ||
| - | |||
| - | 0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100% | ||
| - | [jmagochi@biovbox ~]$ sudo / | ||
| - | $ yum install virtualbox-3.1 | ||
| - | </ | ||
| ===== Commonly-used commands ===== | ===== Commonly-used commands ===== | ||
| ==== List your VMs ==== | ==== List your VMs ==== | ||
| Line 48: | Line 38: | ||
| ==== List your running VMs ==== | ==== List your running VMs ==== | ||
| < | < | ||
| - | ==== Autostart VMs at host boot ==== | ||
| - | ---- | ||
| - | |||
| - | How do I get my VirtualBox Guest VM’s to start and stop when the host system reboots, shutdown, or starts. | ||
| - | |||
| - | Solution / Answer: | ||
| - | |||
| - | Create an init.d script so that VirtualBox Guest VM are controlled as a system service. | ||
| - | VBoxTool http:// | ||
| - | |||
| - | http:// | ||
| - | |||
| - | ---- | ||
| - | Create Config File for vboxcontrol service script | ||
| - | |||
| - | < | ||
| - | < | ||
| - | The file “machines_enabled” located in “/ | ||
| - | |||
| - | To get a list of your current Guest VM names execute the following command and notice the name is in ” “: | ||
| - | < | ||
| - | $ VBoxManage list vms | ||
| - | " | ||
| - | " | ||
| - | " | ||
| - | Add Guest VM’s to “machines_enabled” include one VM name per line | ||
| - | < | ||
| - | # vi / | ||
| - | Centos_HDLES_x86_1 | ||
| - | Centos_HDLES_x86_3 | ||
| - | Centos_HDLES_LAMP</ | ||
| - | Add VirtualBox VM Service script | ||
| - | |||
| - | Create new init.d service script file and give execute permissions | ||
| - | |||
| - | < | ||
| - | < | ||
| - | Copy the following code into file “/ | ||
| - | |||
| - | <code bash> | ||
| - | #! /bin/sh | ||
| - | # vboxcontrol | ||
| - | # | ||
| - | # chkconfig: 345 98 02 | ||
| - | # description: | ||
| - | # processname: | ||
| - | # | ||
| - | # pidfile: / | ||
| - | # | ||
| - | ### BEGIN INIT INFO | ||
| - | # | ||
| - | ### END INIT INFO | ||
| - | # | ||
| - | # Version 20090301 by Kevin Swanson < | ||
| - | # Version 2008051100 by Jochem Kossen < | ||
| - | # http:// | ||
| - | # | ||
| - | # Released in the public domain | ||
| - | # | ||
| - | # This file came with a README file containing the instructions on how | ||
| - | # to use this script. | ||
| - | # | ||
| - | |||
| - | # Source function library. | ||
| - | if [ -f / | ||
| - | . / | ||
| - | elif [ -f / | ||
| - | . / | ||
| - | else | ||
| - | exit 1 | ||
| - | fi | ||
| - | |||
| - | ################################################################################ | ||
| - | # INITIAL CONFIGURATION | ||
| - | VBOXDIR="/ | ||
| - | VM_USER=" | ||
| - | USE_NAT=" | ||
| - | |||
| - | export PATH=" | ||
| - | |||
| - | if [ -f $VBOXDIR/ | ||
| - | . $VBOXDIR/ | ||
| - | fi | ||
| - | |||
| - | SU="su $VM_USER -c" | ||
| - | VBOXMANAGE=" | ||
| - | |||
| - | ################################################################################ | ||
| - | # FUNCTIONS | ||
| - | |||
| - | # Determine if USE_NAT is set to " | ||
| - | use_nat() { | ||
| - | if [ " | ||
| - | return `true` | ||
| - | else | ||
| - | return `false` | ||
| - | fi | ||
| - | } | ||
| - | |||
| - | log_failure_msg() { | ||
| - | echo $1 | ||
| - | } | ||
| - | |||
| - | log_action_msg() { | ||
| - | echo $1 | ||
| - | } | ||
| - | |||
| - | # Check for running machines every few seconds; return when all machines are | ||
| - | # down | ||
| - | wait_for_closing_machines() { | ||
| - | RUNNING_MACHINES=`$SU " | ||
| - | if [ $RUNNING_MACHINES != 0 ]; then | ||
| - | sleep 5 | ||
| - | wait_for_closing_machines | ||
| - | fi | ||
| - | } | ||
| - | |||
| - | ################################################################################ | ||
| - | # RUN | ||
| - | case " | ||
| - | start) | ||
| - | if [ -f / | ||
| - | |||
| - | cat / | ||
| - | log_action_msg " | ||
| - | $SU " | ||
| - | RETVAL=$? | ||
| - | done | ||
| - | touch / | ||
| - | fi | ||
| - | ;; | ||
| - | stop) | ||
| - | # NOTE: this stops all running VM's. Not just the ones listed in the | ||
| - | # config | ||
| - | $SU " | ||
| - | log_action_msg " | ||
| - | $SU " | ||
| - | done | ||
| - | rm -f / | ||
| - | wait_for_closing_machines | ||
| - | |||
| - | ;; | ||
| - | start-vm) | ||
| - | log_action_msg " | ||
| - | $SU " | ||
| - | ;; | ||
| - | stop-vm) | ||
| - | log_action_msg " | ||
| - | $SU " | ||
| - | ;; | ||
| - | poweroff-vm) | ||
| - | log_action_msg " | ||
| - | $SU " | ||
| - | ;; | ||
| - | status) | ||
| - | echo "The following virtual machines are currently running:" | ||
| - | $SU " | ||
| - | echo -n "$VM (" | ||
| - | echo -n `$SU " | ||
| - | echo ' | ||
| - | done | ||
| - | ;; | ||
| - | *) | ||
| - | echo " | ||
| - | name> | ||
| - | exit 3 | ||
| - | esac | ||
| - | |||
| - | exit 0 | ||
| - | </ | ||
| - | Add vboxcontrol service to chkconfig registry | ||
| - | |||
| - | < | ||
| - | Tell chkconfig to create symlinks for runlevels and activate service vboxcontrol | ||
| - | |||
| - | < | ||
| + | ===== Updating VirtualBox ===== | ||
| + | === Stop any running VMs === | ||
| + | Either shut down or "save state" for any running VMs. First, find any users who have " | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | jmagochi | ||
| + | jmagochi | ||
| + | aorth 18431 9.7 1.7 998940 36160 ? Sl Oct11 129:54 / | ||
| + | As the user who owns the VM, save the VM's state: | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | $ VBoxManage controlvm nobu savestate | ||
| + | $ VBoxManage controlvm lims savestate | ||
| + | $ exit | ||
| + | # su - aorth | ||
| + | $ VBoxManage controlvm b0237553-9653-4461-bd0e-d4d316c16d4f savestate | ||
| + | $ exit</ | ||
| + | === Update VirtualBox === | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | === Resume VMs === | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | $ VBoxHeadless -s nobu & | ||
| + | $ VBoxHeadless -s lims & | ||
| + | $ exit | ||
| + | # su - aorth | ||
| + | $ VBoxHeadless -s b0237553-9653-4461-bd0e-d4d316c16d4f -v off &</ | ||