virtualbox
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virtualbox [2010/01/14 09:29] – 172.26.0.166 | virtualbox [2011/06/03 12:36] – [Optimal settings for a guest] aorth | ||
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- | ===== VirtualBox | + | ====== VirtualBox ====== |
- | ==== Commonly-used commands | + | VirtualBox is a free/opensource Hypervisor from Sun Microsystems. |
- | To change between "not attached", | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | Set the boot order: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | Add a shared folder: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | Acpi Vm: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | Change rdp address: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | Change the Authentication type: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | **Note**: option " | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | Change rdp port: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | List all VMs in the server: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | List all running VMs: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | List guest properties: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | Note: All the guest parameters(configuration) are in < | + | |
- | ===== Create a VM ===== | + | * [[http:// |
+ | * [[http:// | ||
+ | ====== Create a VM ====== | ||
Copy an ISO to your home directory: | Copy an ISO to your home directory: | ||
- | < | + | < |
- | * SSH to VM server: 172.26.0.205 | + | * SSH to VM server: 172.26.0.200 |
- | < | + | < |
* start the virtualbox application | * start the virtualbox application | ||
< | < | ||
- | * Follow the wizzard | + | * Follow the wizard |
- Base Memory: less than 512 MB | - Base Memory: less than 512 MB | ||
- Network : NAT | - Network : NAT | ||
- | - Harddisk | + | - Hard disk size: less than 30Gb |
- | ==== Port Forwarding ==== | + | |
- | If your guest OS is using NAT for networking you will need to enable port forwarding. | + | ====== Networking ====== |
+ | ===== Bridged Networking ===== | ||
+ | If your guest is using bridged networking you MUST use this command to allow other users to use the host's physical network card. Make sure your virtual machine is shut down and then run this command: | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | Each and every VM using bridged networking must use this command. | ||
+ | |||
+ | As of VirtualBox 3.1.2 this is still a [[http:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Port Forwarding ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | If your guest OS is using NAT for networking | ||
< | < | ||
$ VBoxManage setextradata Ubuntu " | $ VBoxManage setextradata Ubuntu " | ||
- | $ VBoxManage setextradata Ubuntu " | + | $ VBoxManage setextradata Ubuntu " |
Then you can log in to the VM from your own computer using the port you've forwarded above: | Then you can log in to the VM from your own computer using the port you've forwarded above: | ||
- | < | + | < |
- | + | ||
- | === Upgrading VirtualBox === | + | |
- | + | ||
- | < | + | |
- | VirtualBox Command Line Management Interface Version 3.0.8 | + | |
- | (C) 2005-2009 Sun Microsystems, | + | |
- | All rights reserved. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | 0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100% | + | |
- | [jmagochi@biovbox ~]$ sudo / | + | |
- | + | ||
- | $ yum install virtualbox-3.1 | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===== Expanding a Virtual Disk ===== | + | |
- | There is no way to expand a VDI. What you have to do is create a new VDI, boot the virtual machine to a live cd, and copy over the filesystem (either via '' | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Create new VDI | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Attach to virtual machine and boot with System Rescue CD | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Create two partitions with fdisk/ | + | |
- | * 1: 100 MB, boot, type " | + | |
- | * 2: 30 GB, type "Linux LVM" (8E) | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Format the boot partition as ext3 | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ==== LVM setup ==== | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Create Physical Volume from device: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Create Volume Group from PV: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Create Logical Volumes in VG: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | lvcreate -L512M -nLogVol01 VolGroup01</ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Format the new partitions: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | + | ||
- | <note important> | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Mount both root partitions: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | mount / | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Copy everything over: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Mount both boot partitions: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | mount /dev/sda1 / | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Copy everything over: | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | Force SElinux to relabel all files on boot (or else SElinux will deny you to log in) | + | ====== Commonly-used commands ====== |
- | < | + | ===== List your VMs ===== |
+ | < | ||
+ | ===== List your running VMs ===== | ||
+ | < | ||
- | Unmount all mounted logical volumes | + | ====== Updating VirtualBox ====== |
+ | ===== Stop any running VMs ===== | ||
+ | Either shut down or "save state" for any running VMs. First, find any users who have " | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | jmagochi | ||
+ | jmagochi | ||
+ | aorth 18431 9.7 1.7 998940 36160 ? Sl Oct11 129:54 / | ||
+ | As the user who owns the VM, save the VM's state: | ||
- | Install GRUB on the new VDI | + | < |
- | < | + | $ VBoxManage controlvm nobu savestate |
- | > root (hd0,0) | + | $ VBoxManage controlvm lims savestate |
- | > setup (hd0)</ | + | $ exit |
+ | # su - aorth | ||
+ | $ VBoxManage controlvm b0237553-9653-4461-bd0e-d4d316c16d4f savestate | ||
+ | $ exit</code> | ||
+ | ===== Update VirtualBox ===== | ||
+ | ==== CentOS ==== | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | ===== Resume VMs ===== | ||
+ | <code># su - jmagochi | ||
+ | $ VBoxHeadless -s nobu & | ||
+ | $ VBoxHeadless -s lims & | ||
+ | $ exit | ||
+ | # su - aorth | ||
+ | $ VBoxHeadless -s b0237553-9653-4461-bd0e-d4d316c16d4f -v off &</ | ||
- | ==== Renaming the new volume group==== | + | ===== Mount a CD to a running VM ===== |
+ | Attach an ISO to a running VM. The CD/DVD device is on the Secondary IDE controller (--port 1), and it is the slave device (--device 1). | ||
+ | < | ||
- | Deativate all logical volumes | + | ====== Optimal settings for a guest ====== |
- | < | + | |
- | Rename old volume group | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | Rename new volume group | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | Now shutdown | + | * Notes about '' |
+ | * Set the IO scheduler to '' | ||
+ | * Edit the grub command line to set the default IO scheduler, usually in /// | ||
+ | * Install guest additions (VirtualBox or VMware) |