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virtualbox [2009/11/24 09:32] – 172.26.0.166virtualbox [2010/10/13 14:56] – aorth
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-===== VirtualBox tips/tricks ===== +====== VirtualBox ====== 
-==== Commonly-used commands ==== +VirtualBox is a free/opensource Hypervisor from Sun Microsystems.  It has performance on par with VMware and is very mature.  We have two virtualization servers, [[biovbox]] and biovboxtesting.
-To change between "not attached", NAT,Bridged,internal network and host olny adapter:  +
-<code>VBoxManage modifyvm <uuid|name> [--nic<1-N> none|null|nat|bridged|intnet|hostonly]</code> +
-Set the boot order: +
-<code>VBoxManage modifyvm <uuid|name> [--boot<1-4> none|floppy|dvd|disk|net>]</code> +
-Add a shared folder: +
-<code>VBoxManage sharedfolder add <vmname>|<uuid> --name <name> --hostpath <hostpath> [--transient] [--readonly] </code> +
-Acpi Vm: +
-<code>VBoxManage controlvm  <uuid>|<name>pause|resume|reset|poweroff|savestate|acpipowerbutton|acpisleepbutton| </code> +
-Change rdp address: +
-<code>VBoxManage modifyvm <uuid|name> [--vrdpaddress <host>]</code> +
-Change the Authentication type:  +
-<code>VBoxManage modifyvm <uuid|name> [--vrdpauthtype null|external|guest]</code> +
-**Note**: option "external" will limit access to individual users, The user will be required to use rdesktop-vrdp with username and password: +
-<code>rdesktop-vrdp -u <username> -p - <host ip address>:<vrdp port></code> +
-Change rdp port: +
-<code>VBoxManage modifyvm <uuid|name> [--vrdpport <port>]</code> +
-List all VMs in the server: +
-<code>VBoxManage list vms</code> +
-List all running VMs: +
-<code>VBoxManage list runningvms </code> +
-List guest properties: +
-<code> VBoxManage list -l  vms </code> +
-Note: All the guest parameters(configuration) are in <guestname>.xml+
  
-===== Create a VM =====+  * [[http://www.virtualbox.org|VirtualBox homepage]] 
 +  * [[http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=646613|Tips to optimize Linux guests and hosts]] 
 +====== Create a VM ======
 Copy an ISO to your home directory: Copy an ISO to your home directory:
-<code>$scp <dist>.iso <username>@172.26.0.205:~/</code> +<code>$scp ubuntu-9.04-desktop-i386.iso alan@172.26.0.200:~/</code> 
-  * SSH to VM server: 172.26.0.205 +  * SSH to VM server: 172.26.0.200 
-<code>$ ssh <username>@172.26.0.205</code>+<code>$ ssh alan@172.26.0.200</code>
   * start the virtualbox application   * start the virtualbox application
 <code>$ VirtualBox</code> <code>$ VirtualBox</code>
-  * Follow the wizzard to create a VM with the following properties:+  * Follow the wizard to create a VM with the following properties:
       - Base Memory: less than 512 MB       - Base Memory: less than 512 MB
       - Network : NAT       - Network : NAT
-      - Harddisk size: less than 30Gb +      - Hard disk size: less than 30Gb
-==== Port Forwarding ====+
  
-If your guest OS is using NAT for networking you will need to enable port forwarding.  There is no GUI for this in VirtualBox, but you can use ''VBoxManage setextradata'' to make the required changes.  If you want to SSH to your VM, for example:+====== Networking ====== 
 +===== Bridged Networking ===== 
 +If your guest is using bridged networking you MUST use this command to allow other users to use the host's physical network card.  Make sure your virtual machine is shut down and then run this command: 
 +<code>VBoxManage setextradata MyMachine VBoxInternal/Devices/pcnet/0/LUN#0/Config/RestrictAccess 0</code> 
 +Each and every VM using bridged networking must use this command.  If you are seeing errors like ''VERR_PERMISSION_DENIED'' regarding the network interface, this is the cause! 
 + 
 +As of VirtualBox 3.1.2 this is still a [[http://www.virtualbox.org/ticket/2852|known issue]]. 
 + 
 +===== Port Forwarding ===== 
 + 
 +If your guest OS is using NAT for networking and you want to access services like Apache or SSH, you will need to enable port forwarding.  There is no GUI for this in VirtualBox, but you can use ''VBoxManage setextradata'' to make the required changes.  If you want to SSH to your VM, for example:
 <code>$ VBoxManage setextradata Ubuntu "VBoxInternal/Devices/pcnet/0/LUN#0/Config/ssh/HostPort" 2223 <code>$ VBoxManage setextradata Ubuntu "VBoxInternal/Devices/pcnet/0/LUN#0/Config/ssh/HostPort" 2223
 $ VBoxManage setextradata Ubuntu "VBoxInternal/Devices/pcnet/0/LUN#0/Config/ssh/GuestPort" 22 $ VBoxManage setextradata Ubuntu "VBoxInternal/Devices/pcnet/0/LUN#0/Config/ssh/GuestPort" 22
-$ VBoxManage setextradata Ubuntu "VBoxInternal/Devices/pcnet/0/LUN#0/Config/ssh/Protocol" TCP+$ VBoxManage setextradata Ubuntu "VBoxInternal/Devices/pcnet/0/LUN#0/Config/ssh/Protocol" TCP</code>
 Then you can log in to the VM from your own computer using the port you've forwarded above: Then you can log in to the VM from your own computer using the port you've forwarded above:
-<code>$ ssh -p 2223 username@172.26.0.205</code> +<code>$ ssh -p 2223 username@172.26.0.200</code>
- +
-=== Upgrading VirtualBox ===+
  
-<file>[jmagochi@biovbox ~]$ VBoxManage controlvm CentOS savestate +====== Commonly-used commands ====== 
-VirtualBox Command Line Management Interface Version 3.0.8 +===== List your VMs ===== 
-(C) 2005-2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc. +<code>$ VBoxManage list vms</code> 
-All rights reserved.+===== List your running VMs ===== 
 +<code>$ VBoxManage list runningvms </code>
  
-0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100% +====== Updating VirtualBox ====== 
-</file>+===== Stop any running VMs ===== 
 +Either shut down or "save state" for any running VMs.  First, find any users who have "headless" VMs: 
 +<code># ps aux | grep -i VBoxHeadless 
 +jmagochi  4939  3.9  3.5 759372 72268 ?        Sl   Oct05 402:13 /usr/lib/virtualbox/VBoxHeadless -s nobu 
 +jmagochi  4991 12.5  3.2 621588 67632 ?        Sl   Oct05 1281:41 /usr/lib/virtualbox/VBoxHeadless -s lims 
 +aorth    18431  9.7  1.7 998940 36160 ?        Sl   Oct11 129:54 /usr/lib/virtualbox/VBoxHeadless -s b0237553-9653-4461-bd0e-d4d316c16d4f -v off</code> 
 +As the user who owns the VM, save the VM's state:
  
 +<code># su - jmagochi
 +$ VBoxManage controlvm nobu savestate
 +$ VBoxManage controlvm lims savestate
 +$ exit
 +# su - aorth
 +$ VBoxManage controlvm b0237553-9653-4461-bd0e-d4d316c16d4f savestate
 +$ exit</code>
 +===== Update VirtualBox =====
 +==== CentOS ====
 +<code># yum update VirtualBox-3.2</code>
 +===== Resume VMs =====
 +<code># su - jmagochi
 +$ VBoxHeadless -s nobu &
 +$ VBoxHeadless -s lims &
 +$ exit
 +# su - aorth
 +$ VBoxHeadless -s b0237553-9653-4461-bd0e-d4d316c16d4f -v off &</code>